How does the casting process of Stainless Steel Casting Impeller Pump Parts affect performance?

As key components of large and medium-sized equipment in industries such as pumps and valves, pharmaceuticals, power, and transportation, the performance of stainless steel cast impeller pump parts is directly related to the operating efficiency and stability of the entire system. As an important means of manufacturing these parts, the casting process has a profound impact on the performance of impeller pump parts.
Casting Process Overview
Casting is a production method in which molten metal is poured into a mold and cooled and solidified to form a metal part of the desired shape and size. For stainless steel impeller pump parts, the selection and execution details of the casting process are directly related to the quality, performance, and cost of the casting. Common casting methods include gravity casting, pressure casting (such as die casting, centrifugal casting, squeeze casting), and continuous casting.
The impact of casting process on performance
1. Filling and solidification process
The shape of stainless steel impellers is complex and the wall is thin, making the filling and solidification process in its casting process a key factor affecting performance. Studies have shown that numerical simulation software (such as ProCast) can be used to optimize the pouring temperature and pouring speed, thereby improving the filling effect of the casting and avoiding defects such as insufficient pouring. For example, appropriate pouring temperature (such as 1550℃) and pouring speed (such as 0.75 m/s) can significantly improve the filling quality of impeller castings and reduce the occurrence of defects.
2. Shrinkage and shrinkage defects
Even under optimized pouring conditions, stainless steel impeller castings may still face defects such as shrinkage and shrinkage. These defects will significantly reduce the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the casting. To solve this problem, the method of applying chills to the hollow part of the impeller casting can be adopted. Chills can effectively accelerate the cooling rate of local areas of the casting and promote the shrinkage of the molten metal, thereby eliminating or reducing shrinkage and shrinkage defects. Experiments show that when the height of the chill is 1/3 of the internal height of the impeller casting, the effect of removing shrinkage and shrinkage defects is most significant.
3. Microstructure and mechanical properties
The casting process not only affects the macroscopic defects of the casting, but also directly determines its microstructure and mechanical properties. During the casting process of stainless steel impeller pump parts, the molten metal cools and solidifies in the mold to form a specific microstructure. These organizational characteristics (such as grain size, morphology and distribution) have an important influence on the strength, toughness, corrosion resistance and other properties of the casting. By adjusting the casting process parameters (such as pouring temperature, cooling rate, etc.), the microstructure can be optimized and the comprehensive performance of the casting can be improved.
4. Subsequent treatment and performance improvement
The stainless steel impeller pump parts after casting usually need to undergo subsequent treatments such as heat treatment and mechanical processing to further improve their performance. Heat treatment can eliminate the residual stress inside the casting and improve the organization and performance; mechanical processing can ensure that the casting meets the precise size and shape requirements. In addition, for some impeller pump parts with special requirements, surface treatment (such as spraying, electroplating, etc.) may also be required to improve their corrosion resistance or wear resistance.